Spine & Osteoid Osteoma

Spine & Osteoid Osteoma

What is Spinal Osteoid osteoma? Spinal osteoid osteoma is a *benign bone tumor* characterized by a *small central nidus* surrounded by *reactive sclerotic bone*. It commonly affects males and causes *nocturnal pain* that improves with *NSAIDs* like aspirin.  *CT...
Spine & Ligamentum flavum

Spine & Ligamentum flavum

What is the ligamentum flavum, and where does it attach in the spine?  The ligamentum flavum is an elastic ligament that connects the posterior elements of the spinal bones. It attaches to the undersurface of the upper lamina and extends to the border of the...
Spine & Speed breaker bump

Spine & Speed breaker bump

What is Gibbus or Kyphotic Deformity?  Gibbus deformity, also known as kyphotic deformity, is a spinal condition characterized by a sharp, localized angulation at a single vertebral level. This structural abnormality creates an internal obstruction similar to a...
Spine & Egg

Spine & Egg

What are the layers of the spinal cord?  The spinal cord comprises two primary layers: the outer white matter and the inner gray matter, resembling the structure of an egg. The outer white matter is composed of myelinated axons that facilitate the transmission of...
Spine & DISH

Spine & DISH

What is DISH? DISH, or Diffuse Idiopathic Skeletal Hyperostosis, is a condition where, instead of a decline in bone production with age, individuals develop new bone growth across the vertebrae, spanning the disc motion segments. This leads to stiffness and back pain....